September is PCOS Awareness Month, a time dedicated to raising awareness about Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a common yet often misunderstood genetic, hormone, metabolic and reproductive disorder that affects up to 15% of women in the US (over 20% in some parts of the world). Whether you’ve been recently diagnosed or have been living with PCOS for years, understanding the condition is key to managing its symptoms and improving your overall health. Our Reproductive Endocrinologists are available to answer your questions. After reviewing the information below, you are welcome to schedule a consultation to further discuss how we can assist you in achieving your family building goals.
What is PCOS?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that impacts women of reproductive age. It is marked by a range of symptoms that can differ greatly from person to person. The precise cause of PCOS is not fully comprehended, but it is thought to involve a mix of genetic and environmental factors.
Common Signs and Symptoms:
- Irregular Periods: Women with PCOS often experience infrequent, irregular, or prolonged menstrual cycles.
- Excess Androgens: Elevated levels of male hormones (androgens) can result in symptoms such as excessive facial and body hair, acne, and thinning of scalp hair.
- Polycystic Ovaries: Enlarged ovaries containing numerous small cysts may be visible on an ultrasound, though not all women with PCOS will have cysts.
The Impact of PCOS on Health
PCOS has implications beyond reproduction and can impact overall health, leading to potential long-term health risks for women.
- Infertility: PCOS is one of the leading causes of infertility in women due to irregular ovulation or lack of ovulation.
- Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes: Many women with PCOS are insulin resistant, which can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
- Weight Gain and Obesity: Difficulty managing weight is a common struggle for women with PCOS.
- Mental Health Issues: The physical symptoms of PCOS, along with the challenges of managing the condition, can lead to anxiety, depression, and other mental health concerns.
Managing PCOS
While there is no cure for PCOS, the condition can be managed effectively with a combination of lifestyle changes, medical treatments, and emotional support.
Lifestyle Modifications:
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- Diet: According to PCOS Nutrition Center, numerous studies have shown that weight loss and/or improvements in eating patterns can reduce insulin and androgen levels. MLF has a list of trusted nutritionists you can reach out to if you’d like to learn more.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity can improve insulin resistance, aid in weight management, and boost mental well-being. A mix of cardio and strength training is often recommended.
- Stress Management: Practices like yoga, meditation, and mindfulness can help reduce stress, which is important since stress can exacerbate PCOS symptoms.
Medical Treatments:
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- Birth Control Pills: Hormonal contraceptives are commonly prescribed to regulate menstrual cycles and reduce androgen levels.
- Metformin: Typically used to treat type 2 diabetes, Metformmin can help improve insulin resistance and regulate menstrual cycles in women with PCOS.
- Fertility Treatments: For women struggling with infertility due to PCOS, treatments like Clomiphene (Clomid) or IVF can be considered.
Emotional and Psychological Support: Living with PCOS can be challenging, both physically and emotionally. Seeking support from a therapist, joining a support group, or connecting with others who have PCOS can provide valuable emotional support and coping strategies.
